Lesson 04 Who Is God?
[Image:] A telescopic view of the night sky.
[Press play to hear the MP3 of the Lesson]
Nearly as long as humans have existed, they have worshipped many gods and goddesses. Yet, the Bible refers to one God who “is greater than all the other gods.” (2 Chronicles 2:5)
[Quotation] 2 Chronicles 2:5 The house that I am building will be great, for our God is greater than all the other gods. [End Quotation]
Who is that? And what makes him greater than all the other gods that people worship? In this lesson, learn how this God introduces himself to you.
1. What is God’s name, and how can we be sure that he wants us to know it?
In the Bible, God introduces himself to us. He says: “I am Jehovah. That is my name.” (Read Isaiah 42:5 and 8.) “Jehovah” is the translation of a Hebrew name that evidently means “He Causes to Become.” Jehovah wants us to know his name.
[Quotation] Exodus 3:15 Then God said once more to Moses: “This is what you are to say to the Israelites, ‘Jehovah the God of your forefathers, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob, has sent me to you.’ This is my name forever, and this is how I am to be remembered from generation to generation [End of Quotation]
How can we be sure of that? In the Bible he included his name over 7,000 times! * The name Jehovah belongs to “the true God in the heavens above and on the earth beneath.”
[Quotation] Deuteronomy 4:39 Know, therefore, on this day, and take it to heart that Jehovah is the true God in the heavens above and on the earth beneath. There is no other. [End of Quotation]
[Footnote] * For more information about the meaning of God’s name and why some Bible translations have removed it, see Appendix A4 in the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures. [End of footnote]
[Read Scripture] Isaiah 42:5: This is what the true God, Jehovah, says, The Creator of the heavens and the Grand One who stretched them out, The One who spread out the earth and its produce, The One who gives breath to the people on it And spirit to those who walk on it: [End of Read Scripture]
[Read Scripture] Isaiah 42:8: I am Jehovah. That is my name; I give my glory to no one else, Nor my praise to graven images. [End of Read Scripture]
2. What does the Bible reveal about Jehovah?
The Bible says that among all the gods worshipped by humans, Jehovah is the only true God. Why? There are several reasons. Jehovah has supreme authority, and he alone is “the Most High over all the earth.” (Read Psalm 83:18.) He is “the Almighty,” which means he has the power to do whatever he chooses to do. He “created all things”, the universe and all life on earth.
[Quotation] Revelation 4:8 As for the four living creatures, each one of them had six wings; they were full of eyes all around and underneath. And continuously, day and night, they say: “Holy, holy, holy is Jehovah God, the Almighty, who was and who is and who is coming.” [End of Quotation]
[Quotation] Revelation 4:11 “You are worthy, Jehovah our God, to receive the glory and the honor and the power, because you created all things, and because of your will they came into existence and were created.” [End of Quotation]
Unlike anyone else, Jehovah has always existed, and he will exist forever.
[Quotation] Psalm 90:2 Before the mountains were born Or you brought forth the earth and the productive land, From everlasting to everlasting, you are God. [End of Quotation]
[Read Scripture] Psalm 83:18: May people know that you, whose name is Jehovah, You alone are the Most High over all the earth. [End of Read Scripture]
Dig Deeper
Examine the difference between God’s titles and his unique name. Then learn how and why he revealed his name to you.
3. God has many titles, but one name
To see the difference between a person’s title and his name, play the video Many Titles, but One Name (0:41), and then discuss the question that follows.
[Click for Transcript]|[Many Titles, but One Name]
[A man passes through a series of scenes]
Presenter: A man can have many titles: Husband,
[He walks past his wife at home]
Father,
[Past his daughter on her scooter outside]
Architect,
[Past his co-workers]
and a personal name, such as John.
[His I.D with name and title]
In the same way, God has many appropriate titles: Almighty,
[A blank I.D]
Creator,
[It fills with the titles]
and Lord. He also has a unique name, one not shared by any other god. That name is Jehovah.
[God’s name against a starry sky]
(Logo: Black capital letters JW.ORG inside a white box. Copyright 2014 Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania) [Click to close]
What is the difference between a title, such as “Lord,” and a name?
The Bible acknowledges that people worship many gods and lords. Read Psalm 136:1 through 3, and then discuss the question that follows:
[Read scripture] Psalm 136:1 through 3: Give thanks to Jehovah, for he is good; His loyal love endures forever. Give thanks to the God of gods, For his loyal love endures forever. Give thanks to the Lord of lords, For his loyal love endures forever. [End of Read scripture]
Who is “the God of gods” and “the Lord of lords”?
[Image:] A man gazing into the night sky. The name Jehovah is superimposed on the sky.
4. Jehovah wants you to know and use his name
What shows that Jehovah wants you to know his name? Play the video Does God Have a Name? Excerpt (3:11), and then discuss the questions that follow.
[Click for Transcript]|[Does God have a name?]
[A man sitting on a bench, a man reads a Bible]
Presenter: Does God have a name?
[As he turns the pages slightly nods]
The Bible mentions the names of many gods.
[Above his head float pictures of various gods]
The nations surrounding ancient Israel worshipped deities named Ashtoreth, Baal, and Molech. The first-century Christians lived among people who worshipped such deities as Artemis, Hermes, and Zeus, and the names of those gods are recorded in the Bible.
[1 Corinthians 8:5]
The Bible acknowledges that there are many gods. But the name of one God appears in ancient manuscripts of the Bible far more times than the names of all the other gods combined.
[In a library the man reads Bibles]
If you read modern Bibles, you will still find the names of the other gods.
However, many Bibles have removed the name of the most frequently mentioned God.
The name of that God appears some 7,000 times in the oldest versions of the Bible. Who is the God whose name has been removed from the Bible?
[On a wall four gold Hebrew letters fade into dust]
The first part of the Bible, often called the Old Testament, was written in Hebrew and a related language, Aramaic. In Hebrew, God’s name is represented by four letters. Hebrew is read from right to left. In English, those four letters are rendered by the consonants YHWH.
[An archaeologist unearths a clay fragment with God’s name on it]
The original vowel sounds used in God’s name are unknown, but the four letters representing God’s name appeared throughout ancient Bible manuscripts and have been inscribed in many other locations.
[In a church hangs an old painting containing the tetragrammaton]
In English, a popular rendering of God’s name is Jehovah another rendering is Yahweh.
Some Bibles use one of these forms of God’s name at Psalm 83:18 and in several other places. A number of other translations, such as the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures, restore God’s name to the locations in which it originally appeared.
[The man reads God’s name in the New World Translation]
Since God had his personal name included in the Bible some 7,000 times, he no doubt wants us to know and use that name.
[He looks up from the Bible contemplatively]
In the Law God gave to Israel, he told Moses to write: ‘Listen, O Israel: Jehovah our God is one Jehovah’
[Deuteronomy 6:4]
Jesus quoted that passage from the Law, so he obviously knew and used God’s personal name. In one of his final prayers before his death, Jesus said to Jehovah God: ‘I have made your name known.’
[John 17:26]
(Logo: Black capital letters JW.ORG inside a white box. Copyright 2014 Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania) [Click to close]
Do you think Jehovah wants his name to be known? Why?
Jehovah wants people to use his name. Read Romans 10:13, and then discuss the questions that follow:
[Read scripture] Romans 10:13: For “everyone who calls on the name of Jehovah will be saved.” [End of Read scripture]
How important is it to use God’s name, Jehovah?
How do you feel when someone remembers your name and uses it?
How do you think Jehovah feels when you use his name?
[Image:] A scene from the video Does God Have a Name? Excerpt. A man examines God’s name, Jehovah, at Psalm 83:18 in the King James Version of 1611.
5. Jehovah wants you to get closer to him
A woman from Cambodia named Soten said that learning God’s name helped her to enjoy “the best feeling on earth.” Play the video My Search for the True God (8:18), and then discuss the question that follows.
[Click for Transcript]|[My Search for the True God]
[David Schaffer]
David: What many notice when they first attend meetings of Jehovah’s Witnesses is that they hear God’s name, Jehovah. In this life story, Soten Yoeun relates the impact that learning God’s name had on her after surviving the killing fields of Cambodia.
[A thick mist sweeps over a dense jungle]
Soten: On the killing fields in Cambodia,
[In the rain under a tree]
I prayed to God,
[Young Soten hugs her knees]
but I didn’t know his name.
[Text: In 1975, the Communist Party of the Khmer Rouge took control of Cambodia. The brutal regime was responsible for one of the worst mass killings of the 20th century, claiming the lives of over one million people]
When I was a very young girl, they separated our family and they put me to work in the rice field from five in the morning till nine in the evening.
[Children wait in line]
When you see some other children that get killed, you really desperately cry for help inside.
[Each is given food]
You always think that you are next.
[Soten slurps hers down]
But in my heart, I always believed that there had to be a true God somewhere, somehow that can help me get through this. One year later, my family decided to escape Cambodia. We walk close to six or seven months to Thailand. And I have 20 brothers and sisters , only 4 of us survived.
[Soten and family trudge single file through tall grass]
I have a blind aunt that holds on my shoulder all the time. But one day, we got caught.
[Stopping they crouch low to the ground then scatter]
As they start shooting, I push my aunt down to the ground and try to pretend that we are dead. And when I got up, I had no idea where my parent was.
[Soten looks around frantically]
We spent many months in the jungle. As I try to survive, I eat whatever I can find, and I also help my auntie to survive. One day when I go out to look for food, I walked so far away I couldn’t find my way back. I start crying really hard underneath a tree and look up to the sky and pray to the true God. I was raised as a child to pray to Buddhas. But on this night when I start praying, I specifically said that I’m not praying to Buddha —I’m praying to the true God.
And I say, “True God, if you are really here, please help me because I am really scared and I’m hungry and I’m cold.”
[She rests her head on her knees]
After I pray, I just fall to sleep under the big tree.
[Photos of Soten as a young woman]
Eventually, I make it into the refugee camp in Thailand, and I was reunited with my family. We lived in the refugee camp in Thailand for about ten years before we come to United States. My searching for the true God, it didn’t stop there. We tried to go to different churches, but we didn’t understand anything. One day when I come home from school, I met this gentleman named Herold, and he asked if he can talk to me about God. I agree because I saw he have a Bible; he must be a good man. When he talked to me, I tried to pay attention so hard, but I still didn’t understand what he was saying.
[She shakes her head]
And he went very slow. And then he said, “Your name?” I said, “My name Soten.” And then he said, “Your name, Soten; my name is Herold. God’s name, Jehovah.”
[He points heavenward]
I never thought that God had name.
[Her face brightens with a smile]
And ever since that day on, I never forget Jehovah’s name. It’s superglued in my heart. He gave me his phone number. He says he gonna ask his wife to stop by someday, but then I move away from where I lived. Even though I didn’t do the truth at that time, I always pray to Jehovah.
[On a bed she bows her head]
After I learned God’s name, I went back to the church. The priest would start out with “heavenly Father” but leave out Jehovah’s name. So, I raised my hand. I asked him, “Sir, when you pray, ‘heavenly Father,’ “why don’t you say, ‘heavenly Father, “Jehovah’? Why you not using God’s name?” And then he told me that God does not force me to be here, so I’m welcomed to leave or stay if I want. So, because I realized that they don’t use Jehovah’s name, I left and never returned.
[She leaves the Bible on the pew and walks out the door]
She after many years, I tried to call Herold, but no one picked up the phone. So, I leave a message. I was hoping that they remembered me. Two weeks later, Herold comes to my door,
[Herold and his wife knock on her door]
but at the time, I was working at night and asleep during the day.
[Soten asleep in bed]
But Herold never give up; he come back.
[Now wearing winter clothing, they return]
And I keep on praying to Jehovah, asking for someone to knock on my door. And finally, one day I open the door, and when I saw him, I almost couldn’t talk. I was teared up. I was so happy to see him because this is the man who introduced me to Jehovah’s name. Eventually, I start to study with a sister, and she helped me grow spiritually. To know that you have a heavenly Father that cares about you, that was the best feeling on earth. It makes me want to know more about him, want to learn more about him. I would ask questions: Did he like this? Did he like that?” And then when I go to the Kingdom Hall, I hear Jehovah’s name so many times. I feel, that’s it! I found my place.
[She warmly smiles]
I got baptized in 2013. My blind aunt that I help her survive through the jungle, she’s still living until today. And now that I can get a chance to talk to her about Jehovah, that was a blessing. And I can’t stress enough how wonderful and big privilege that I receive from Jehovah, just to know who he is and to learn that there is true God. He have a name, and his name is Jehovah.
[Besides a window she reads a chapter on Jehovah’s name in the God’s Kingdom Rules book. She gazes out the window then opens her Bible]
Presenter: Sister Yoeun still carries painful memories from what she and her family suffered because of man’s ruthless wars. But she now has hope for the future and the comfort of knowing her heavenly Father, Jehovah, something we all share with her. Sister Yoeun has the added joy of worshipping the true God together with her husband and young daughter.
(Logo: Black capital letters JW.ORG inside a white box. Copyright 2016 Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of Pennsylvania) [Click to close]
[Image:] Collage: Scenes from the video My Search for the True God. 1. Soten sits under a tree in the forest, looks up at the sky, and prays to the true God. 2. Herold teaches Soten that God’s name is Jehovah.
In the video, how did learning God’s name affect Soten?
Before you become someone’s friend, you usually learn his or her name. Read James 4:8a, and then discuss the questions that follow:
[Read scripture] James 4:8a: Draw close to God, and he will draw close to you. [End of Read scripture]
What does Jehovah invite you to do?
How might knowing and using God’s name help you to feel closer to him?
[Box]
Some People Say: “There’s only one God, so it doesn’t matter what you call him.” Do you believe that Jehovah is God’s name? How would you explain that God wants us to use his name? [End of box]
Summary
Jehovah is the name of the only true God. He wants us to know and use that name so that we can draw close to him.
Review
How is Jehovah different from all the other gods that people worship?
Why should we use God’s name?
What shows that Jehovah wants you to draw close to him?
Goal
When talking about God, use his name, Jehovah. Set Other Goals
Explore
Examine five compelling lines of reasoning that give proof God exists. “Does God Exist?” (Web article)
[Click for article]|[Does God Exist?
The Bible’s answer
Yes, the Bible provides compelling evidence that God exists. It encourages us to build faith in God, not by blindly believing religious assertions, but by using our “power of reason” and “mental perception.” (Romans 12:1; 1 John 5:20, footnote)
[Quotation] Romans 12:1: Therefore, I appeal to you by the compassions of God, brothers, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and acceptable to God, a sacred service with your power of reason. [End Quotation]
[Quotation] 1 John 5:20: But we know that the Son of God has come, and he has given us insight so that we may gain the knowledge of the one who is true. And we are in union with the one who is true, by means of his Son Jesus Christ. This is the true God and life everlasting. [End Quotation]
Consider the following lines of reasoning based on the Bible:
The existence of an orderly universe containing life points to a Creator. The Bible says: “Of course, every house is constructed by someone, but the one who constructed all things is God.” (Hebrews 3:4) Although this logic is simple, many well-educated people find it to be powerful.
As humans, we have an innate desire to understand the meaning and purpose of life, a type of hunger that can remain after our physical needs have been met. This is part of what the Bible calls our “spiritual need,” which includes the desire to know and worship God. (Matthew 5:3; Revelation 4:11)
[Quotation] Matthew 5:3: “Happy are those conscious of their spiritual need, since the Kingdom of the heavens belongs to them. [End Quotation]
[Quotation] Revelation 4:11: “You are worthy, Jehovah our God, to receive the glory and the honor and the power, because you created all things, and because of your will they came into existence and were created.” [End Quotation]
This spiritual need not only gives evidence that God exists but also indicates that he is a loving Creator who wants us to satisfy that need.—Matthew 4:4.
[Quotation] Matthew 4:4: But he answered: “It is written: ‘Man must live, not on bread alone, but on every word that comes from Jehovah’s mouth.’” [End Quotation]
Detailed prophecies in the Bible were written centuries ahead of time and came true exactly as predicted. The accuracy and detail of those predictions strongly suggest that they came from a superhuman source.—2 Peter 1:21.
[Quotation] 2 Peter 1:21: For prophecy was at no time brought by man’s will, but men spoke from God as they were moved by holy spirit. [End Quotation]
Bible writers had scientific knowledge that was beyond the understanding of their contemporaries. For example, in ancient times many peoples believed that the earth was supported by an animal, such as an elephant, a boar, or an ox. In contrast, the Bible says that God is “suspending the earth upon nothing.” (Job 26:7)
[Quotation] Job 26:7: He stretches out the northern sky over empty space, Suspending the earth upon nothing; [End Quotation]
Similarly, the Bible correctly describes the shape of the earth as a “sphere,” or “globe.” (Isaiah 40:22, footnote; Douay Version)
[Quotation] Isaiah 40:22: There is One who dwells above the circle of the earth, And its inhabitants are like grasshoppers. He is stretching out the heavens like a fine gauze, And he spreads them out like a tent to dwell in. [End Quotation]
Many people feel that the most reasonable explanation for such advanced understanding is that Bible writers received their information from God.
The Bible answers many difficult questions, the type of questions that when not satisfactorily answered can lead a person to atheism. For example: If God is loving and all-powerful, why is there suffering and evil in the world? Why is religion so often an influence for bad rather than for good?—Titus 1:16.
[Quotation] Titus 1:16: They publicly declare that they know God, but they disown him by their works, because they are detestable and disobedient and not approved for good work of any sort. [End Quotation]
Footnote: For example, the late astronomer Allan Sandage once said regarding the universe: “I find it quite improbable that such order came out of chaos. There has to be some organizing principle. God to me is a mystery, but is the explanation for the miracle of existence, why there is something instead of nothing.” [Click to close]
Consider why believing that God has always existed makes sense. “Who Made God?” (The Watchtower, August 1, 2014)
[Click for article]|[OUR READERS ASK - Who Made God?
Picture a father talking with his seven-year-old son. He says, “Long, long ago, God made the earth and everything in it, and he made the sun, the moon, and the stars.” The boy thinks about this for a few moments and then asks, “Daddy, who made God?”
“Nobody made God,” the father replies. “He has always existed.” That simple statement satisfies the child for now. As he grows older, however, the question continues to intrigue him. He finds it hard to comprehend how anyone could be without a beginning. Why, even the universe had a beginning. ‘Where did God come from?’ he wonders.
How does the Bible answer? Essentially, in much the same way as did the father in our example. Moses wrote: “O Jehovah, . . . before the mountains were born or you brought forth the earth and the productive land, from everlasting to everlasting, you are God.” (Psalm 90:1,2) Likewise, the prophet Isaiah exclaimed: “Do you not know? Have you not heard? Jehovah, the Creator of the ends of the earth, is a God for all eternity”! (Isaiah 40:28)
[Quotation] Isaiah 40:28: Do you not know? Have you not heard? Jehovah, the Creator of the ends of the earth, is a God for all eternity. He never tires out or grows weary. His understanding is unsearchable. [End Quotation]
Similarly, the letter of Jude refers to God as existing “for all past eternity.”—Jude 25.
[Quotation] Jude 25: to the only God our Savior through Jesus Christ our Lord, be glory, majesty, might, and authority for all past eternity and now and into all eternity. Amen. [End Quotation]
Those scriptures show us that God is “the King of eternity,” as the apostle Paul describes him. (1 Timothy 1:17)
[Quotation] 1 Timothy 1:17: Now to the King of eternity, incorruptible, invisible, the only God, be honor and glory forever and ever. Amen. [End Quotation]
This means that God has always existed, no matter how far back in time we cast our gaze. And he will always exist in the future. (Revelation 1:8)
[Quotation] Revelation 1:8: “I am the Alpha and the Omega,” says Jehovah God, “the One who is and who was and who is coming, the Almighty.” [End Quotation]
Thus, his eternal existence is a fundamental attribute of the Almighty.
Why do we find this idea difficult to grasp? Because our limited life span gives us a completely different concept of time from that of Jehovah. Because God is eternal, to him a thousand years are like a day. (2 Peter 3:8)
[Quotation] 2 Peter 3:8: However, do not let this escape your notice, beloved ones, that one day is with Jehovah as a thousand years and a thousand years as one day. [End Quotation]
To illustrate: Could a grasshopper, which lives as an adult for only about 50 days, fathom our life span of 70 or 80 years? Hardly! Yet, the Bible explains that we are like grasshoppers in comparison with our Grand Creator. Even our ability to reason is dwarfed by his. (Isaiah 40:22; 55:8,9)
[Quotation] Isaiah 40:22: There is One who dwells above the circle of the earth, And its inhabitants are like grasshoppers. He is stretching out the heavens like a fine gauze, And he spreads them out like a tent to dwell in. [End Quotation]
[Quotation] Isaiah 55:8: “For my thoughts are not your thoughts, And your ways are not my ways,” declares Jehovah. 9: “For as the heavens are higher than the earth, So my ways are higher than your ways And my thoughts than your thoughts. [End Quotation]
So it is not surprising that there are aspects of Jehovah’s nature that escape full human understanding. Although the concept of an eternal God may be hard to grasp, we can see that it makes sense. If someone else had created God, that person would be the Creator. Yet, as the Bible explains, Jehovah is the one who “created all things.” (Revelation 4:11)
[Quotation] Revelation 4:11: “You are worthy, Jehovah our God, to receive the glory and the honor and the power, because you created all things, and because of your will they came into existence and were created.” [End Quotation]
Furthermore, we know that the universe at one time did not exist. (Genesis 1:1, 2)
[Quotation] Genesis 1:1: In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. 2: Now the earth was formless and desolate, and there was darkness upon the surface of the watery deep, and God’s active force was moving about over the surface of the waters. [End Quotation]
Where did it come from? Its Creator had to exist first. He also existed before there were any other intelligent beings, such as his only-begotten Son and the angels. (Job 38:4,7; Colossians 1:15)
[Quotation] Job 38:4: Where were you when I founded the earth? Tell me, if you think you understand. [End Quotation]
[Quotation] Job 38:7: When the morning stars joyfully cried out together, And all the sons of God began shouting in applause? [End Quotation]
[Quotation] Colossians 1:15: He is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of all creation; [End Quotation]
Clearly, then, he existed alone first. He could not have been created; nothing was in existence that could have created him.
Our own existence and that of the entire universe testifies to the existence of an eternal God. The One who put our vast universe in motion, the One who established the laws to control it, must have always existed. Only he could have breathed life into everything else.—Job 33:4.
[Quotation] Job 33:4: God’s own spirit made me, And the Almighty’s own breath brought me to life. [End Quotation] [Click to close]
Learn why we should use God’s name, even if its ancient pronunciation is unknown. “Who Is Jehovah?” (Web article)
[Click for article]|[Coming soon] [Click to close]
Does it matter what we call God? See why we can say that he has just one personal name. “How Many Names Does God Have?” (Web article)
[Click for article]|[Coming soon] [Click to close]